Exhaust gas deflector for internalcombustion engines



- Oct. 15, 1 946. KELLEY v 2,409,496

EXHAUST GAS DEFLECTOR FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 8, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet l FIG-2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY 0a. 15, 1946. T. R. KELLEY 2,409,496

EXHAUST GAS DEFLECTOR FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE S Filed Jan. 8, 1943 2 Sheets-Shet 2 BY/Q-MPya/IQ 6 I I A ToRr EY Patented Oct. 15, 1946 UNITJE'D STATES PATENT OFFICE "EXHAUST GASDEFLECTOR FOR INTERNAL- GOMBUSTION ENGINES Application January 8, 1943, Serial N0.- 47117 74 5 Claims.

My invention relates to the construction .of an improved exhaust .gas. deflector .for use :Withv in- ".ternahciom-bustion engines,..par.tic.ularly of the pump and system through the exhaust pipe in order to chill and contract the hot gases and absorb .the heat therefrom while the gases are passing through said exhaust pipe. This procedure decreaseszthe loud noise from the engine exhaust and quiets the running of the engine as well. as reduces the exhaust gas temperature and back pressureto. an efficient and safe degree for economical operation.

-A muffler maybe usedin place of the stream of water and while tests show that an internal combustion engine'used for marine propulsion so equipped is much quieter in its operation than one using a stream of Water passing through the exhaust pipe, it is .also proven that the use of a mufiler sets up an appreciable back pressure and, therefore, itsuse is not entirely satisfactory.

IIfhe principal object of this invention is to provide as completesudden intermingling of a coolant liquid with thehot exhaust gases from an internal-combustion engine as possible-to accentuatethe rapid heat transfer from the hot gases to the coolingsliquid in order to be able to use as-shortan exhaust pipe. as practcial and thereby reduce noise-and back pressure to a minimum.

Another object of thepresent invention is to provide an :efficient :exhaust gas deflector to be usedin conjunction with a stream of cooling liq- -uid flowing through. an exhaust pipe, wherein the stream of cooling liquid is-flnely broken up and given .a swirling motion through the exhaust pipe in -orderthatit -may more completely intermingle withthe exhaustgases and thus accentuate the .chilling efiect onthe exhaustgases and thusrapidly complete thetransfer of heat from said gas to the deflected spray of cooling liquid. This cooling liquid, dischargetorifice positioned to dischargea stream of'waterior other. cooling liquid,

axially through thedeflector body towards a pluralitywot/symmetricallyspaced helical fins integrallyformed'within said body and in the direction: of fiow'of the exhaust'gases.

:Another object of this invention is to provide an exhaust gas deflector with a :conical fluid :spreader positioned ;in sthe -axial pathwof. the

stream of. the cooling .liquid 1.511011 :that the :cool- .ingliquid will be positively and forcibly idirected towards anplurality of symmetrica1ly spaced heli- 5 =calfins :integra'lly formed. with theinner wall of the ".defiector body tmmorercompletely break .up

-. the cooling liquid stream. and. thus create. a :de-

fiected :spray 1 which :more effectively .intermingles Withithe hot exhaust. gases :inuorderpthat they .may be rapidly cooled andethus reduce .the .noise .and back: pressure. onithe engine.

4A-nother :object .of this :invention ;.is .zto provide .an exhaust gasdeiiector for an. internal. combus- ..tion.. engine *whereinmeans are. .provided to, im-

- part .a. swirlingsmotion;to.;.a liquid cooling :me-

dium and the exhaust gases passing therethrough, which action suddenly chills the hot exhaust gases, 1 causing-a. very rapid .heat transfer, which turn zquickly'zreduces their. .volume .and'sets :up

.a suctionzor .;pull:through the exhaustpipe, which causes'themixtureiofeexhaust gases vaand deflected :spray to rush through the exhaust gpipeland, on

:;out toythe. atmosphere-,pmater-ially decreasing the ;;noise and :back pressure ;on the engine.

Other t0bjfiCtSz2l1diIlt8IldBd advantages .of this invention :will clearly: appear from the 1 following cparticular description. and appended claims taken in :connection with Jthe. accompanying cdrawings eillustrating..ztheizpreferred embodiment ,of, my, in-

mention in -zwhich like parts are designated by likesnumerals.

.lissanexternal elevationaliview .ofqthe jdflBCtOl' bodyror hollowcoupling.

Fig. 2 is a vertical .sectionathrough the hollow .35 qcouplingembodying-my invention and .taken on tithe line z-rzior Eigd.

'Eig; 3-is a horizontal sectional view :taken ,on x:thewline" it-=3 ofylifig. -2 ;showing the helical;fins rand conicalzfluid :spreader construction relating 40 to myinvention.

..Eig.;4 :is an .assembly ,view, partially in. sec- :tion; .of. .the, exhaust gasv deflector coupling :and coolant. liquid supply valveand orifice.

:iFig: 5; is.;an.'elevationalview of an internal comv4.5 bustionaengine; showing :the exhaust gas deflector -,embodiedin: my; invention; in assembled relation togsaidengine.

.the drawings the numeral l represents gen- -.era11y; an internal. combustion engine; provided with5thesconventional exhaust:manifold 2. An

exhaustwpipejttingd is-attached to the outlet end .of .the -manifold and; a: short section .of; ex-

whaustspipe dais, screw threadably positioned abetween asaid. fittingand. a .hollow coupling or exhaust gas-deflector body -5. .Asecond and longer relatively cool.

3 section of exhaust pipe 6 is screw threadably attached to the lower or outlet end of the coupling 5 as shown at I.

A cooling liquid line B conducts cooling liquid from a suitable source, not shown, to a control valve 9. From the outlet end of this valve a coolant liquid supply pipe I is screw threadably attached to the upper end of the bonnet ll of the exhaust pipe fitting 3. A second section [2 of the coolant liquid supply pipe is screw threadably attached to the lower or inner surface of the bonnet, as at course through the fitting 3, short section of exhaust pipe 4 and terminates in an orifice or nozzle I4 just beyond the end of said pipe 4. The bonnet II is conventionally secured to the exhaust pipe fitting 3 and is sealed against liquid or gas leakage through suitable packing l5 and cap screws or studs and nuts as indicated at IS.

A plurality of symmetrically spaced helical fins I1 and a conical fluid spreader l8 are integrally formed within the bore of the hollow coupling or deflector body 5. The conical fluid spreader I8 is positioned axially within the coupling bore and extends upwardly above the helical fins I! but below the orifice M. The apex 19 of the conical fluid spreader is directed counter to the flow of the coolant liquid and exhaust gas discharge through the coupling 5, which is indicated by the arrow 20 cast on the external surface of the coupling or deflector body and shown in Fig. 1.

The helical fins extend radially in a helical course from the outer surface 2| of the conical fluid spreader to the inner wall 22 of the coupling.

In operation:

As soon as the internal combustion engine I is started hot exhaust gases resulting from combustion pass through the exhaust manifold 2. Automatically, at a predetermined temperature the control valve 9 in the liquid coolant supply line 8 opens and admits the coolant liquid through the supply lines In and I2 to the orifice or nozzle I4 and hence into the exhaust gas deflector or coupling 5. As the coolant flows through the coupling 5 it strikes the apex I9 of the conical fiuid spreader l8 and is diverted from its normal straight course through the exhaust pipe.

It is directed forcibly against the helical fins H. r

The hot exhaust gases passing through the exhaust manifold fitting and pipe likewise strike the conical fluid spreader and are also forcibly thrown against the helical fins ll.

The principal effect produced by the helical fins is to break up the deflected coolant spray and create a swirling motion to both the coolant liquid and the hot exhaust gases being forcibly drawn into intimate contact with each other while passing therethrough. This breaking up of the coolant liquid makes it possible for more cooling liquid surface to be brought into contact with the hot exhaust gases than would otherwise be possible. The sudden contact of the hot exhaust gases with the spray of the cool coolant liquid accentuates the rapid heat transfer from the hot exhaust gases to the coolant liquid. The mixture of hot gases and coolant liquid spray are further intermingled as they are forcibly thrown radially through the helical path, defined by the fins 11, against the comparatively cold inner wall surface of the coupling and consequently out into the discharge run of the exhaust pipe 6, the inner wall surface of which at this point is also The heat transfer from the hot l3 and extends in a downwardv exhaust gases to the relatively cool liquid is very rapid. This sudden chilling efiect rapidly contracts the hot exhaust gases and reduces their temperature and volume materially. This creates a partial vacuum in the exhaust pipe which in turn sets up a suction or pull on the condensed exhaust mixture causing it to rush through the exhaust pipe in a continuous discharge seeking a rapid exit to the atmosphere. Naturally this result considerably decreases the noise from the exhaust and the back pressure on the engine as well as permitting the use of as short an exhaust pipe as is practical.

While only a typical preferred form and application of my invention has been herein disclosed I do not wish to be limited or restricted to the specific details set forth and wish to reserve to myself any further embodiments, modifications and variations that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desir to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. An exhaust gas deflector adapted to be axially inserted in the run of an exhaust pip for accentuating the discharge of hot exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow coupling with an axial bore therethrough, a plurality of symmetrically spaced helical shaped fins formed integral with the inner wall within said bore, a conical fluid spreader with its apex slightly in advance of said fins and formed integral therewith, a water discharge orifice positioned axially within said exhaust pipe to discharge a stream of cooling water in the direction of flow of the escaping hot gases to impinge against the apex of said spreader and rapidly swirl towards said helical fins, whereby said hot exhaust gases and water are intimately intermingled, producing a sudden chilling effect upon said hot gases and creating a partial vacuum in said exhaust pipe that reduces back pressure and noise of the engine exhaust.

2. An unitary exhaust gas deflector for axial insertion in the run of an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine through which hot exhaust gases are discharged, comprising a hollow coupling within the inner walls of which are integrally formed a plurality of helical shaped fins and a conical fluid spreader, with its apex slightly in advance of said fins in a direction counter to the flow of said discharge through said coupling, a water discharge orifice positioned to discharge a stream of cooling water axially through said exhaust pipe in the direction of flow of said hot exhaust gases to impinge against the apex of said conical spreader, whereby said cooling water is forcibly dispersed radially in all directions, intimately intermingled with the hot exhaust gases, forming a minutely fine gaseous spray, producing a sudden chilling effect upon said hot gases and creating a partial vacuum in said exhaust pipe which reduces back pressure and the noise of the engine exhaust.

3. An exhaust gas deflector for internal combustion engines for accelerating the discharge of hot exhaust gases through an exhaust pipe, comprising a hollow coupling axially positioned in the run of said exhaust pipe, a conical fluid spreader and a plurality of helical shaped fins formed integral with the inner wall of said coupling, the apex of said conical spreader positioned slightly in advance of said fins in a direction counter to the flow of said discharge through said coupling, a water discharge nozzle positioned axsaid exhaust pipe which tends to rapidly pull the hot exhaust gases through said exhaust pipe, thus reducing the back pressure and noise of the engine exhaust.

4. An exhaust gas deflector for use with a substantially uniform diameter exhaust pipe, for accelerating the discharge of hot exhaust gases therethrough from the operation of an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow coupling axially positioned in the run of said exhaust pipe, a plurality of helical shaped fins formed integral with the inner wall of said coupling, a water discharge nozzle positioned axially within said exhaust pipe to discharge a stream of cooling water axially through the coupling toward the fins and in the direction of flow of the exhaust gases, a conical fluid spreader formed integral with said fins and located between said nozzle and fins and having its apex directed counter to the flow of discharge through said coupling, whereby through th intimate intermixing of the cooling water and the hot exhaust gases a condenser effect is established which breaks up the exhaust pulsations and reduces the back pressure and noise of the engine exhaust.

5. An unitary exhaust gas deflector for internal combustion engines comprising a hollow coupling axially positioned in the run of an exhaust pipe from said engine and through which hot engine exhaust gases are discharged, a water discharge nozzle positioned to discharge a stream of water axially through said exhaust pipe in the direction of flow of said hot exhaust gases, said coupling including a plurality of helical shaped fins formed integral with the inner wall of said hollow coupling and a conical spreader formed integral with said fins and having its apex positioned between said nozzle and fins and in a direction counter to the flow of discharge through said coupling, whereby said cooling water impinges against said apex with sufficient force to disperse said cooling water radially in all directions forming a fine spray which completely intermlngles with said escaping exhaust gases, breaking up the exhaust pulsations in said engine and reduces back pressure and noise.

THE-RON R. KELLEY. 

